Heavy Civil Exam 1 Practice

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• Polyester slings should not be used in temperatures over _____.
• CCY stands for which term in soil volume measurement?
• Which two quantities are multiplied to compute overhaul quantity?
• Trench boxes are designed to protect workers from cave-ins rather than to support trench face.
• Type B soils are typically described as which?
• In earthworks, what is a likely consequence of inadequate drainage?
• A ______ is a graphical representation of the cumulative amount of earth work moved along the centerline.
• PL is the abbreviation for which soil property?
• Which statement about sling identification labels is accurate?
• In CPM scheduling, which statement best describes a critical activity?
• IPS stands for which designation?
• Which equipment is used to perform a sand cone density test?
• Which type of sling is the most widely used multipurpose sling?
• What are bearing and expansion joints in bridges and why are they needed?
• What tolerance for grade is commonly specified in heavy civil projects?
• D shackles are restricted to which loading orientation?
• Nylon slings are unsuitable around which substances?
• How is depreciation expense calculated?
• Which statement best describes contraction joints and expansion joints in concrete pavements?
• FWHP stands for which term?
• Traction of tractive efficiency is a function of which two factors?
• Which statement is true about the relationship between the Liquid Limit and Plastic Limit?
• Nylon slings are resistant to which substances?
• In overhaul quantity calculations, how is overhaul distance measured?
• Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) is defined as the moisture content at which what occurs?
• Sand is an example of which soil type?
• What determines the exact grade and alignment tolerances used on a heavy civil project?
• Shackles must be greater or equal to the diameter of what?
• Which statement best describes the purpose of field density and moisture measurements during compaction?
• LL is the abbreviation for which soil property?
• D shackles are designed for which loading orientation?
• The included angle of a multileg sling should not exceed how many degrees?
• Rigging gear should be inspected:
• How do you calculate earthwork shrinkage and swell in a cut/fill balance?
• What is the goal of equipment economics in project planning?
• What is rigging?
• What is utilization in equipment terms?
• A simple choker hitch should not be used for handling composite loads such as bundles or tubes.
• In lifting operations, the center of gravity is best described as the point where the load weight is concentrated, serving as the balancing point.
• Which practice helps prevent pinching at the shackle during use?
• Which test determines maximum dry density and optimum moisture content?
• What factors influence settlement and differential movement in earthworks?
• Shackles should stay between which angle limits?
• What is the purpose of curing concrete in civil works?
• What is the purpose of a temporary drainage system on a construction site?
• What is headwater, invert, and outlet in a culvert design?
• Which of the following is the first step in planning equipment utilization?
• Define culvert and list common materials and design considerations.
• Slings have the largest workload limit when using a which hitch?
• How are trench boxes different from shoring?
• Which equation is commonly used to estimate flow in storm sewer pipes with roughness factors when Manning is not ideal?
• A time–impact analysis is primarily used to quantify the effect of changes on which aspect of the project?
• In nylon and polyester slings, what prevents locking up?
• When securing a load, where should the bow be placed on the shackle?
• Type C soils are best described as which description?
• The coefficient of traction is defined as the ratio between maximum pull before slippage and what?
• What are the basic soil tests used to classify soils for heavy civil work?
• In terms of payments and risk, which statement best describes a lump-sum contract?
• Which component is listed as contributing to engine losses in net horsepower?
• If salvage value increases while the purchase price remains constant, the depreciation expense will
• Heaving or boiling at the bottom of an excavation is an indication of imminent _______.
• Which of the following is true about the factors that influence traction?
• Nylon slings are not to be used in temperatures over what?
• Which method measures grain-size distribution?
• Which statement correctly describes the Plastic Limit (PL)?
• What is a slump test and what does it indicate?
• Explain the Mohr-Coulomb failure criterion and its relevance to earthwork.
• True or False: The most widely used class for wire rope slings are 6 x 25.
• The purchase price of equipment includes which items?
• Which statement correctly differentiates the Mohr-Coulomb criterion, relation to bearing capacity aside?
• Clay is an example of which soil type?
• What does the Standard Proctor test determine?
• The sling to load angle is the angle formed from the ______ line and the sling leg or body.
• What is a change order and when is it typically issued?
• How do you estimate concrete quantities for a typical footing or column?
• Which joint type is used to accommodate movement between adjacent concrete slabs in pavement?
• Which statement accurately reflects the sequence of steps for planning equipment utilization?
• What is the primary purpose of expansion joints in bridges?
• Define line staking and grade staking and explain their roles.
• Why is bedding and backfill important for gravity pipelines?
• Drawbar Pull is the same as rimpull, but for tracked machines.
• In competitive heavy civil markets, which practice is emphasized to gain an advantage?
• When connecting two shackles, which configuration is prohibited?
• Which hitch type is associated with the largest workload limit?
• What percent is the choker hitch load relative to the vertical hitch?
• What is swell factor and how is it used in earthwork estimation?
• The blank term for the point where the load weight is concentrated and acts as the balancing point is:
• As the sling-to-load angle decreases, which describes the change in sling tension?
• What is the primary cause of variance in bids?
• Type C soils include which of the following descriptions?
• Rule 1 of shackles concerns sling legs and bow. Which option is correct?
• Which document defines required inspections, tests, acceptance criteria, and documentation at each construction stage?
• Lay refers to what aspect of a wire rope?
• Rimpull is defined as the usable force at the point of contact between the tire and the ground.
• What does Optimum Moisture Content (OMC) describe?
• In culvert design, what is the invert?
• What is the purpose of a control network in a heavy civil project?
• Employees are not permitted to work in excavations with standing or running water.
• What happens to the tension on the sling legs as the sling-to-load angle decreases?
• Which statement correctly maps the terms rimpull and drawbar pull?
• In field density testing with a nuclear gauge, what is used to determine acceptance?
• What does the California Bearing Ratio (CBR) test assess?
• Net horsepower is defined as the usable horsepower remaining after deducting engine losses.
• In the AASHTO design method, which components are used to relate pavement structure to traffic demand?
• A _______, _______, and _______ person must determine the appropriate method of rigging.
• Which of the following best describes why nylon cords are considered advantageous in heavy civil operations?
• Which term describes the range of water contents over which soil exhibits plastic properties?
• In a four-leg sling, the angle between any two diagonally opposite legs should not _______.
• Which option represents nylon slings as commonly used in lifting applications?
• Which items are included in the purchase price of equipment?
• Nylon strings stretch approximately what percent?
• How does the AASHTO pavement design method estimate the structural number or equivalent thickness?
• How are cut and fill quantities estimated for earthwork?
• What considerations govern concrete formwork design and removal?
• Lugging occurs when the engine RPMs drop and the torque increases.
• Sling angles less than 30 degrees should not be used unless approved by a qualified person.
• Polyester slings are unsuitable around which substances?
• Gross Horsepower is defined as the amount of power generated prior to the loss from auxiliary systems.
• Cable is reserved for which size or smaller?
• What is the difference between float and free float in CPM?
• EIPS stands for which phrase?
• Polyester slings are resistant to _____ and ______.
• Which hitch is most appropriate when the load is passed partially through and remains balanced?
• The attachment points of a two-leg sling to the load are far enough apart to give stability without _______.
• Which description best defines wire rope?
• What is sheet piling and in what situations is it used?
• Shoring is used to prevent movement of soil, underground utilities, roadways, and foundations.
• What is optimum moisture content (OMC) and why is it important for compaction?
• Which test is typically used to determine optimum moisture content for soil compaction?
• Torque is defined as the twisting force necessary to support a 1-lb weight on a weightless horizontal bar, 1 ft from the fulcrum.
• A very slump in concrete typically indicates issues with what?
• EEIPS stands for which phrase?
• Which parameters are used in the Mohr-Coulomb criterion to determine shear strength?
• Which method is used to estimate earthwork quantities along an alignment using cross-sections or digital terrain models?
• Construction is _________ , ________ is key but challenging to master.
• What are the basic layers of a typical flexible pavement structure?
• Low stretch value is a listed benefit of polyester slings.
• Why are horizontal and vertical curves used in roadway design and how are they defined?
• Why is air content testing important in concrete?
• Which type of sling generally does not stretch at rated capacity but can stretch as much as 15% to 20% prior to failure?
• What fundamental purpose does a control network serve on a heavy civil project?
• Is it acceptable to use a sling without its attached identification label in an emergency?
• How have nylon cords increased efficiency in heavy civil projects?
• In a competitive heavy civil market, which concept is key to winning?
• Which statement describes chain slings?
• In the AAI formula, the denominator is 2n. Which option correctly reflects this?
• What is Safe Working Load?
• The choker hitch workload is ____% of the vertical hitch.
• Explain Manning's equation and where it is applied in heavy civil design.
• Which Proctor test uses larger compaction energy to achieve higher dry density?
• What is the primary function of a vertical curve in roadway design?
• Type B soils are typically described as which material?
• The typical OMC range tolerance is commonly specified as what?
• Which statement correctly describes shackle sizing relative to rope diameter?
• ALWAYS DEFAULT TO THE MOST CONSERVATIVE VALUES in safety calculations.
• How is drainage invert elevation determined in pipe drainage design?
• Wire rope is defined as which of the following?
• Which expression correctly defines Average Annual Investment (AAI)?
• Which statement best describes a time–impact analysis (TIA) and its use?
• The vertical hitch workload is what percent of the basket hitch?
• Which statement correctly describes the Liquid Limit (LL)?
• Which of the following is a listed benefit of polyester slings?
• Type A soils are typically composed of which material?
• In Manning's equation, what does the roughness coefficient n represent?
• Drawbar Pull is the same as rimpull, but for tracked machines.
• Polyester slings are unsuitable around which substances?
• What are common purposes of a safety plan or method statement on a heavy civil site?
• Describe typical steel reinforcement grade designations and their significance.
• What is the critical path method (CPM) scheduling and why is it important?
• If LL = 60 and PL = 20, what is PI?
• Which of the following is NOT an ASTM soil testing method?
• What is the required condition for the shackle pin?
• What are typical requirements for reinforcing steel detailing in concrete?
• What is an abutment and what functions does it perform in a bridge?
• Which statement correctly characterizes chain slings?
• OSHA stands for?
• EEIPS stands for which phrase?
• How is pipe size for storm sewers typically determined?
• If slings have different safe working load ratings then ________.
• High-output diesel engines increase efficiency in heavy civil projects primarily through which change?
• Which practice enhances safety by reducing the risk of rigging failure?
• The Plasticity Index (PI) is defined as which of the following relations between LL and PL?
• Which statement best describes how high-output diesel engines contribute to efficiency?
• How is soil bearing capacity estimated in the field or design phase?
• BCY stands for which term in soil volume measurement?
• What percent is the vertical hitch load relative to the basket hitch?
• What is the recommended method to secure the pin to the shackle body?
• When a load is suspended, the center of gravity will always:
• In the torque definition, the distance from the fulcrum is 1 ______.
• When moving rock and dirt, which quantity remains constant?
• What is the primary function of line staking in road projects?
• Which methods are commonly used for field density testing?
• Differentiate cross-section, long-section, and profile in roadway earthwork design.
• Which type of sling stretches approximately 8% to 10% at rated capacity?
• What is slope stability factor of safety and how is it used in retaining structures?
• Describe common shoring/bracing systems for trench and excavation safety.
• Coefficient of Traction is the ratio between the maximum amount of pull a machine can exert before slippage and the total weight on the machine's drive wheels or tracks.
• Depreciation expense is defined as the difference between purchase price and salvage value.
• To compute the overhaul quantity, multiply the ______ in stations by the number of units of ______ in cubic yards hauled.
• When benching, the maximum depth of excavation is how many feet?
• LCY stands for which term in soil volume measurement?
• Atterberg limits measure what property of soils?
• When using multi-leg slings ensure slings are of ________.
• A single sling basket hitch should only be used when the sling is passed through part of the load and the load is balanced.
• What must be ensured about the rope to prevent bunching or pinching with the shackle?
• Specifications typically give an OMC range of what tolerance?
• Which factor is NOT listed as a determinant of sling tension?
• How is scour protection designed around bridge foundations?
• Polyester slings stretch approximately _____ to ____ at capacity.
• What is the goal of equipment economics?
• Shoring systems consist of posts, wales, struts, and sheeting.
• What is a typical ITP used for quality control?
• Rule 1 of shackles states which practice?
• Rigging hardware should be made domestically.
• Sling tension is a function of which of the following?
• Bright finish refers to wire rope with which characteristic?
• Which statement best describes inline loading compatibility for shackles?
• In earthmoving, which property stays constant?
• Which line is the sling to load angle measured against?
• What is the purpose of lap splices in reinforcing steel?
• How does Modified Proctor differ from Standard Proctor?
• For a three-leg sling, any one leg should make an angle with the vertical not greater than how many degrees?
• Is it acceptable to walk under a heavy elevated load without approval from the signalperson/spotter?
• What does the abbreviation EIPS stand for?
• Which statement about sling stretch is correct?